Bariatrics & Metabolic Surgery

The prevalence of obesity or overweight is high in the urban population compared to the rural
population. This predominant change happens due to lifestyle shift and unhealthy food habits. In
India, the preference towards opting bariatric surgeries are on rise. The three most performed
bariatric surgeries are the Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG), Laparoscopic Rou-en-Y and
Gastric Bypass (RYGB) and Laparoscopic Mini Gastric bypass.
A major health problem, obesity poses as a risk factor for many diseases. For morbidly obese
patients, bariatric surgery provides gradual, sustained and significant weight loss. As a result,
there is a marked improvement in obesity-related comorbidities. Obesity is a chronic,
multifactorial disease that is caused due to various reasons such as social, behavioral, genetic, and
psychological components. Energy output is much lesser compared to energy input into the body.
It is the harbinger of cardiovascular diseases, respiratory dysfunctions such as asthma, obesityhypoventilation syndrome, obstructive sleep apnoea, etc. Musculoskeletal, urologic and
gastrointestinal diseases are aggravated due to obesity. Surgery for obesity is recommended
when every other resort to reduce like exercise, dieting, drug treatments and psychotherapy, has
failed.